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Home » Volume-4-Bahasa-Indonesia

Bab 1: Dampak Pembunuhan, Penangkapan, dan Perdagangan terhadap Kera dan Habitatnya

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Perburuan kera bukanlah ancaman yang baru, yang baru adalah pada skala perburuan (meskipun perburuan adalah ilegal di semua wilayah sebaran kera) dan penurunan populasinya yang sangat drastis.

Manusia membunuh kera karena berbagai alasan, termasuk untuk diambil daging dan bagian tubuhnya, untuk melindungi tanaman atau harta benda dari ancaman nyata atau dianggap ada, untuk merasa lebih aman, untuk ‘olahraga’, dan untuk menangkap bayi kera hidup guna diperdagangkan. Perdagangan ini memasok kera sebagai hewan peliharaan, hewan kebun binatang, peraga foto, aksesori pariwisata, dan atraksi di taman hiburan dan tempat hiburan lainnya.

Perburuan merupakan salah satu faktor pendorong terbesar kepunahan kera di alam liar. Faktor lain yang berkontribusi terhadap kepunahan kera antara lain rendahnya tingkat reproduksi dan lamanya waktu untuk menjadi dewasa. Walaupun kera tidak dibunuh, perburuan kera dapat menimbulkan konsekuensi jangka panjang, termasuk cedera dan dampak psikologis dan sosial ekologis, terhadap individu yang masih hidup.

Penurunan populasi atau kepunahan kera di tingkat lokal dapat mengurangi penyebaran biji yang sangat penting untuk menjaga keanekaragaman spesies pohon dan kesehatan ekosistem. Dengan memburu kera nonmanusia, manusia dan kera akan terpapar risiko penularan penyakit yang berdampak serius terhadap kesehatan publik.

Mengingat Uni Internasional untuk Konservasi Alam (IUCN) mencantumkan semua spesies kera ke dalam kategori ‘kritis’ atau ‘genting’, kecuali owa hoolock timur (Hoolock leuconedys) yang termasuk kategori ‘rentan’, skala perburuan merupakan faktor penentu kunci terhadap kelangsungan hidup kera di alam liar. Diperlukan lebih banyak data untuk menilai skala perburuan kera secara akurat dan dampaknya terhadap kelangsungan hidup jangka panjang populasi utuh kera.

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Reports

  • How Industrial Agriculture Affects Current and Future Conditions for Communities and Conservation

  • Conservation in an Agriculture Landscape: Wilmar’s Experience

  • The Sustainable Palm Oil Transparency Toolkit

  • Industrial Agriculture and Apes: The Experience of Olam International in Gabon

  • Oil-Palm Development: Success Story or Nightmare?

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