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Home » Volume-3-Mandarin

第4章:非洲类人猿、保护区和基础设施

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赤道非洲的类人猿分布区国家正经历各种重要变化,包括:前所未有的工业化采矿;超过50,000公里的拟议“开发走廊”将在这个大陆上纵横贯通;世界上最大的水电站;扩大工业化和小型耕种者农业的宏伟计划;广泛的工业化伐木;各种其他能源、灌溉和城市基础设施项目。

赤道非洲是大猩猩、黑猩猩和倭黑猩猩五个物种和至少12个亚种的唯一家园。基础设施的爆炸性增长和道路扩张,带来刀耕火种和工业化农业,导致类人猿森林栖息地迅速丧失;工业化伐木、采矿、非木材的森林收获和野生动物偷猎,导致森林恶化。

遥感技术的进步和计算机能力,改进了我们了解和预测延伸的道路对森林和野生动物的影响的能力。外国投资,尤其是为采矿和木材的外国投资,推动了大量基础设施扩张。随着道路越来越临近,保护区面临人类蚕食和偷猎的越来越大压力,官方减少一些保护区的面积,使采矿或石油勘探能够进行。

在保护区周围地区的土地使用压力和捕猎增加,对保护区内的类人猿种群和其他生物多样性有重要影响。生态旅游为支持建立和维护公园带来收入,但是为自然保护投入更多资金必不可少。

前瞻性的土地用途规划是一项紧迫的优先重点,必须考虑到延伸的道路对生物多样性和生态系统服务的巨大转变性影响。如不紧急采取行动,赤道非洲的类人猿种群及其栖息地可能遭受大幅、可能不可逆的衰退。

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