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Home » Volume-4-Mandarin

第3章:社会经济学与类人猿肉和身体部件贸易

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在全世界各种环境,人们捕猎野生动物。动物考古学证据表明,捕猎至少可以追溯到两百万年前,甚至促进了更新世大型动物群灭绝。

但是今天,越来越多证据表明,类人猿正成为一种更多人想要得到因而被更多贩卖的商品。由于类人猿肉和身体部件贸易秘密、非法进行,难以准确评价从野外猎取类人猿的速度。

我们知道,为温饱捕猎和商业捕猎的动机不同。农村社区倾向于依赖野味作为蛋白质和收入的一种来源。更富裕的城市居民把野味作为奢侈品和身份象征食用,即便有更便宜的蛋白质来源。治理薄弱和腐败使类人猿捕猎不受阻碍地进行。

本章考察妨碍从破坏性使用野味过渡到可持续使用的四个主要障碍。这些障碍包括:个人倾向于从个人利益出发,而不是从社区公共利益出发,尤其是社区没有法定权利并且治理薄弱的情况下。第二,大型类人猿和其他体型大的物种比小型动物更容易成为捕猎对象,因为对猎人来说回报大。第三,人类人口和财富迅猛增长,野生动物的出产量赶不上需求增加的速度。第四,由于农业和工业化开发,野生动物栖息地迅速丧失。

遏制对类人猿肉和身体部件的贸易,要求各种策略结合起来使用,包括:提供和推广替代性蛋白质来源,从而降低消费者需求;提高对不可持续猎取的生态后果的意识;增强法律框架和执法;提供经济激励,防止捕猎和食用野味。

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Reports

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  • Conservation in an Agriculture Landscape: Wilmar’s Experience

  • The Sustainable Palm Oil Transparency Toolkit

  • Industrial Agriculture and Apes: The Experience of Olam International in Gabon

  • Oil-Palm Development: Success Story or Nightmare?

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